Mixing and diffusing device



Nov. 10, 1953 A. H. LANGE 2,658,440

MIXING AND DIFFUSING DEVICE Filed Dec. 16, 1950 FIQJ.

l! mu l1! "mu" m m M w IJH W Ullll I! ll" illlll WI! ==g= rg Patented Nov. 10, 1953 MIXING AND DIFFUSING DEVICE Adolf H. Lange, Hyattsville, Md., assignor to Anemostat Corporation of America, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Application December 16, 1950, Serial No. 201,221

9 Claims.

My invention relates to a mixing and diffusing device for different liquid or gaseous media and more particularly to a mixing and diffusing device to be applied to ventilating systems.

The object of my invention is to mix two or more media which are different in some quality like composition, temperature, concentration etc. and to spread one into the other effectively.

One special object of my invention is to provide a new and effective device by which fresh air can be injected into a room without causing uncomfortable and health endangering drafts in that room.

Another object of my invention is to discharge the air as prescribed with regard to quantity and direction, i. e. to adjust the discharge of the air with the help of the improved device according to given or assumed conditions.

Another object of my invention is to reduce the cost of ventilating systems by equipping the-systems with an improved device that allows the application of higher discharge velocities, implying the use of smaller and shorter ducts.

Another object of my invention is to spread the injected air to an extreme angle of almost 180 with an inexpensive air deflecting device, thereby supplying fresh air to any point in the room from a single outlet in a plane wall of said room.

The invention consists of an improved mixing and distributing device to be more fully described hereinafter and the novelty of which will be particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed.

In the accompanying drawing, to be taken as a part of the specification I have clearly illustrated my invention, in which drawing- Figure l is a view in front elevation of my invention in accordance with a preferred embodiment thereof;

Figure 2 is a plan view of a cross-section taken along 22 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is an enlarged fragmentary View of the plan cross-section of Figure 2;

Figures 4 and 5 are fragmentary Views of Figure 2 on which is shown modifications of the frame and bafiie members of the grille;

Figure 6 is a cross-section of a bafiie member having a modified edge;

Figure '7 is a smaller scale view of the plan cross-section Figure 2 in which is shown the baflle members in a modified arrangement of their angles against the normal of the grille plane; and

Figure 8 is a cross-section of a baffle member mounted for pivotal and/or sidewise movement.

Referring to the drawing by characters of reference, the numeral I designates a frame that gives support to the plurality of bafile members 2 which may be fixed thereto or, if desired, pivoted at 2| and/or guided for adjustment of their respective distance in slots 22. Said frame is mounted in the outlet of the duct supplying the fluid or gas to be mixed into another fluid or gas. In the case of a ventilating system the duct supplies the fresh air to be injected into the room. The frame I preferably is mounted either fixed or suspended by the pivots l3 around which it can be inclined to direct the injected air within a limited range of angle. It is understood however, that the frame I and the bafile members 2 can be made out of one piece of material, if desired, such, for example as sheet metal or plastic by a stamping or pressing process.

The bafile members 2 have a cross-section, designated by the numeral 4, of a special form which is characterized by increasing width, the width increasing in stream direction, denoted by the arrows 9, thereby implying a rounded front end. As a consequence of this form a plurality of channels 8 are formed between the bafile members 2 and assume a form in which the channels converge in stream direction denoted by the arrows 9.

The baffle members 2 are positioned in such a manner that the center lines 3 of their crosssections t form an angle A against the normal 5 of the grille. This angle A is zero when a bafile member is positioned in the middle of the grille and increases continuously with the bafiie members placed closer to the ends of the grille.

As an example, two pairs of baffle members are shown in Figure 3. The pair on the right side of the figure having small angles A is a pair taken out of the grille near the middle of the grille; the pair on the left side of Figure 3 having larger angles A is a pair taken out of the grille near one end of the grille.

Regularly the angles A increase continuously and symmetrically from zero in the middle of the grille to a maximum value at both ends of the grille. In accordance with my invention this angular distribution may be modified as follows:

(a) The angle A is zero at one end of the grille and increases toward the other end of the grille. This arrangement produces a grille that is, in effect, only one half of the grille shown in Figures 1 and 2. Such a grille will be used with advantage whenever the outlet is situated near one corner of the conditioned room because it spreads the air to one side only.

(1)) The angles A are constant groupwise but increase with the groups as outlined above for individual baffle members, i. e., a number of bafile members forming groups, Figure 7, respectively designated by the numerals IE to 20, are arranged such that all the baflies of a group are arranged at the same angle A but the groups have different angles A which increase toward the end of the grille. As a boundary case this modification of the distribution of the angles A leads to a grille in which the angles A are all equal but not zero. Such arrangements produce a considerable simplification with regard to the manufacturing of the grille.

Another modification of the arrangement of the baffle members is part of my invention. It may be suitable to arrange the baffie members with relatively great distances between each other in one half of the grille and with smaller distances between each other in the other half of the grille, or, to choose small distances in the middle of the grille and greater distances at the ends of the grille or vice versa, thereby influencing the quantity of the fluid medium that is injected and directed.

Two different modifications of the baffle members are shown in cross-section in Figures 4 and 5 respectively, and are denoted by the numerals 4a, 4b, 4c, and 4d. 4a is the U-shaped crosssection of a baflle member with an open side thereof facing downstream. It could be advantageously made of sheet metal. 422 is a crosssection of a similar baffle member with curved flanges l and H. Those bafiie members forming channels with curved centerlines between each other are used with advantage whenever a high spreading effect is desired. With this arrangement it is possible to spread the injected medium to an angle of 170 measured between the left and the right boundaries of the stream although the baffle members are arranged in a straight line. It is understood however that such a straight line arrangement is the normal arrangement but not a mandatory condition of the invention. 40 and 4d at Figure are cross sections of bafile members that have been planed on the downstream side after the bafiie members have been assembled in the grille. The baffle member represented by 4d has curved flanges It] and H like the one represented by 4b and is supposed to give substantially the same effect. The frame la shown thereon is generally similar to the frame 1 except the upstanding portions thereof include a reduced portion substantially as shown.

Figure 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a baffle member 14 having crimped edge l5. By employing a crimped edge l5 in the manner disclosed an increase of deflection of the air stream is obtained.

Baffie members with unsymmetric cross-sections like those disclosed herein do not possess a cross-section centerline, like that denoted above by the numeral 3, Figure 3. To describe their position with regard to the angle A it is necessary to replace the centerline by the line that determines the zero-lift direction of the cross-section, taken as a profile in two-dimensional flow.

The above description preferably deals with a grille whose parts are assembled according to the rules outlined, and then kept in this position permanently. It is understood however that the device also can be designed and constructed in such a manner that either the angles A of the baflle members or their respective distance can be controlled at will, in which case a baffie member will be supported as shown in Figure 8.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

l. A device to be mounted in the outlet end portion of a fluid supply duct to eifect deflection and. diffusion of fluid delivered from the duct, said device comprising a rectangular frame including side and end rails, a plurality of parallel spaced apart fluid deflecting members disposed in and extending transversely across said frame, and means mounting said members upon the side rails of said frame for pivotal adjustments relative to each other and also for bodily shiftable adjustments of all portions of the same into various different spaced relationships to each other.

2. A device to be mounted in the outlet end portion of a fluid supply duct to effect deflection and diffusion of fluid delivered from the duct, said device comprising a rectangular frame including side and end rails, a plurality of parallel spaced apart fluid deflecting members disposed in and extending transversely across said frame, said side rails having slots therein extending longitudinally thereof, and pins on the ends of said members disposed in said slots whereby said members are mounted in said frame for pivotal adjustments relative to each other and also for bodily shiftable adjustments of all portions of the same into various different spaced relationships to each other.

3. A device to be mounted in the outlet end portion of a fluid supply duct to effect deflection and diffusion of fluid delivered from the duct, said device comprising a rectangular frame including side and end rails, a plurality of parallel spaced apart fluid deflecting members disposed in and extending transversely across said frame, means mounting said members upon the side rails of said frame for pivotal adjustments relative to each other and also for adjustments to vary their spaced relationship to each other, and trunnions on the end rails of said frame adapting the latter to be mounted in the outlet end portion of the fluid supply duct for tilting adjustments 2010 different inclined positions relative to said 4. A device to be mounted in the outlet end portion of a fluid supply duct to effect deflection of fluid delivered from the duct, said device comprising a rectangular frame including side and end rails, a plurality of parallel spaced apart fluid deflecting members disposed in and extending transversely across said frame, said side rails having slots therein extending longitudinally thereof, pins on the ends of said members disposed in said slots whereby said members are mounted in said frame for pivotal adjustments relative to each other and also for adjustments to vary their spaced relationship to each other, and. trunnions on the end rails of said frame adapting the latter to be mounted in the outlet end portion of the fluid supply duct for tilting adjustments to different inclined positions relative to said duct.

5. A fluid mixing and diffusing device comprising a plurality of members disposed in substantially a common plane transversely with respect to the longitudinal axis of the device and in substantially parallel spaced apart relationship to each other laterally of the device to provide between them a plurality of separate passageways, said members being of material widths whereby they serve to divide fluid flowing from a source of supply longitudinally and forwardly through said passageways into a plurality of separate streams materially spaced apart laterally of the device, said members being of arbitrary but limited lengths whereby the streams of fluid issuing from said passageways are of limited lengths and have open-ended spaces between them through which the streams effect aspiration and mixing therewith of the fluid into which the streams are delivered, certain of said members which are disposed successively outwardly of one another relative to the longitudinal axis of the device being disposed at progressively increasing angles forwardly and outwardly relative to the longitudinal axis of the device to effect progressively increasing amounts of outward deflection of the fluid streams, said members being of cross sectionally forward flaring form whereby the passageways between them are of forwardly tapering form to cause the fluid streams to issue from said passageways as jets thereby to effect their spreading and to intensify their aspirating effects, the outer fluid deflecting side faces of said members being curved concavely from points adjacent to their rear ends to points adjacent to their front ends.

6. A fluid mixing and diffusing device comprising a plurality of members disposed in substantially a common plane transversely with respect to the longitudinal axis of the device and in substantially parallel spaced apart relationship to each other laterally of the device to provide between them a plurality of separate passageways, said members being of material widths whereby they serve to divide fluid flowing from a source of supply longitudinally and forwardly through said passageways into a plurality of separate streams materially spaced apart laterally of the device, said members being of arbitrary but limited lengths whereby the streams of fluid issuing from said passageways are of limited lengths and have open-ended spaces between them through which the streams effect aspiration and mixing therewith of the fluid into which the streams are delivered, certain of said members which are disposed successively outwardly of one another relative to the longitudinal axis of the device being disposed at progressively increasing angles forwardly and outwardly relative to the longitudinal axis of the device to effect progressively increasing amounts of outward deflection of the fluid streams, said members being of cross sectionally forward flaring form whereby the passageways between them are of forwardly tapering form to cause the fluid streams to issue from said passageways as jets thereby to effect their spreading and to intensify their aspirating effects, said members having outwardly extending fluid defleeting lips at their front ends.

7. A fluid mixing and diffusing device comprising a plurality of members disposed in substantially a common plane transversely with respect to the longitudinal axis of the device and in substantially parallel spaced apart relationship to each other laterally of the device to provide between them a plurality of separate passageways, said members being of material widths whereby they serve to divide fluid flowing from a source of supply longitudinally and forwardly through said passageways into a plurality of separate streams materially spaced apart laterally of the device, said members being of arbitrary but limited lengths whereby the streams of fluid issuing from said passageways are of limited lengths and have open-ended spaces between them through which the streams effect aspiration and mixing therewith of the fluid into which the streams are delivered, certain of said members which are disposed successively outwardly of one another relative to the longitudinal axis of the device being disposed at progressively increasing angles forwardly and outwardly relative to the longitudinal axis of the device to effect progressively increasing amounts of outward deflection of the fluid streams, said members being of cross sectionally forward flaring form whereby the passageways between them are of forwardly tapering form to cause the fluid streams to issue from said passageways as jets thereby to effect their spreading and to intensify their aspirating effects, the outer fluid-deflecting side faces of said members being curved convexly from points adjacent to their rear ends to points adjacent to their front ends.

8. A fluid mixing and diifusing device comprising a plurality of members disposed in substantially a common plane transversely with respect to the longitudinal axis of the device and in substantially parallel spaced apart relationship to each other laterally of the device to provide between them a plurality of separate passageways, said members being of material widths whereby they serve to divide fluid flowing from a source of supply longitudinally and forwardly through said passageways into a plurality of separate streams materially spaced apart laterally of the device, said members being of arbitrary but limited lengths whereby the streams of fluid issuing from said passageways are of limited lengths and have open-ended spaces between them through which the streams effect aspiration and mixing therewith of the fluid into which the streams are delivered, certain of said members which are disposed successively outwardly of one another relative to the longitudinal axis of the device being disposed at progressively increasing angles forwardly and outwardly relative to the longitudinal axis of the device to effect progressively increasing amounts of outward deflection of the fluid streams, said members being of cross sectionally forward flaring form whereby the passageways between them are of forwardly tapering form to cause the fluid streams to issue from said passageways as jets thereby to effect their spreading and to intensify their aspirating effects, the outer fluid-deflecting side faces of said members being curved concavely from points adjacent to their rear ends to points adjacent to their front ends, and the inner side faces of said members being curved convexly from points adjacent to their rear ends to points adjacent to their front ends.

9. A fluid mixing and diffusing device comprising a plurality of members disposed in substantially a common plane transversely with respect to the longitudinal axis of the device and in substantially parallel spaced apart relationship to each other laterally of the device to provide between them a plurality of separate passageways, said members being of material widths whereby they serve to divide fluid flowing from a source of supply longitudinally and forwardly through said passageways into a plurality of separate streams materially spaced apart laterally of the device, said members being of arbitrary but limited lengths whereby the streams of fluid issuing from said passageways are of limited lengths and have open-ended spaces between them through which the streams effect aspiration and mixing therewith of the fluid into which the streams are delivered, certain of said members which are disposed successively outwardly of one another relative to the longitudinal axis of the device being disposed at progressively increasing angles forwardly and outwardly relative to the longitudinal axis of the device to effect progressively increasing amounts of outward deflection of the fluid streams, said members being of cross sectionally forward flaring form whereby the passageways between them are of forwardly tapering form to cause the fluid streams to issue from said passageways as jets thereby to effect their spreading and to intensify their aspiration efiects, the outer fluid-deflecting side faces of said members being curved convexly from points adjacent to their rear ends to points adjacent to their front ends, and outwardly extending fluid-deflecting lips at the front ends of said members, the front ends of said members being disposed in a common plane extending transversely of the device, and the inner side faces of said members being curved convexly from points adjacent to their rear ends to points adjacent to their front ends.

ADOLF H. LANGE.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,725,353 Hinrich Aug. 20, 1929 2,057,494 Leigh Oct. 13, 1936 2,158,413 Feinberg May 16, 1939 2 224,312 ODay Dec. 10, 1940 2,310,414 Fritzam, et a1 Feb. 9, 1943 2,339,629 Fischer Jan. 18, 1944 2,525,157 Trane Oct. 10, 1950 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 100,536 Sweden Dec. 23, 1940 533,139 Great Britain Feb. 6, 1941 

